Urinary complaints

Urinary complaints encompass a range of issues related to the urinary system that women may experience, including urinary infections and urinary incontinence. Gynecologists provide specialized services to diagnose, treat, and manage these conditions to improve urinary health and overall well-being.

1. Urine Infections (Urinary Tract Infections - UTIs)

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are bacterial infections affecting any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, bladder, ureters, and urethra. In women, UTIs are common due to anatomical factors such as the shorter urethra, proximity to the anus, and hormonal changes.

Gynecological Services:

• Diagnosis: Obtaining a medical history and performing a physical examination. Collecting urine samples for urinalysis and culture to identify the type of bacteria causing the infection.
• Treatment: Prescribing antibiotics based on the type of bacteria and sensitivity testing. Ensuring appropriate medication duration and follow-up to monitor resolution.
• Preventive Measures: Educating patients on proper hygiene practices, staying hydrated, and strategies to reduce the risk of recurrent UTIs (e.g., cranberry supplements, urinating after intercourse).

2. Urinary Incontinence

Urinary incontinence refers to the involuntary leakage of urine, which can occur during activities such as coughing, sneezing, laughing, or exercising. It can be caused by various factors, including weakened pelvic floor muscles, hormonal changes, nerve damage, or anatomical changes after childbirth or menopause.

Gynecological Services:

• Evaluation: Performing a comprehensive evaluation, including medical history review, physical examination, and assessment of bladder function (e.g., bladder diary, urodynamic testing).
• Management Options:
  
• Behavioral Therapies: Recommending pelvic floor exercises (Kegel exercises), bladder training techniques, and dietary modifications.
• Medications: Prescribing medications to relax bladder muscles or reduce bladder contractions.
• Devices: Recommending the use of pessaries (inserted into the vagina to support the bladder) or absorbent pads for symptom management.
• Surgical Interventions: Performing surgical procedures such as sling procedures (to support the urethra) or bladder neck suspension (to provide support to the bladder and urethra).
• Lifestyle Modifications: Providing guidance on lifestyle changes such as weight management, avoiding bladder irritants (e.g., caffeine, alcohol), and maintaining regular bowel habits.